Browse
Recent Submissions
Item Etude des possibilités de réalisation d'une centrale hydroélectrique : cas de rivière Ruvyironza(UB, ITS, 2006-01) Ndayishimiye, Germain; Sous la direction de : Ir Vyumvuhore JérômeItem Opinions des élèves du cycle supérieur des lycées sous convention catholique à régime d'internat sur leurs conditions de vie psychosociale et pédagogique : enquête menée au LNDJ et de Ruyigi au LSJ de Rusengo(UB, FPSE, 2017-07) Nyawenda, Godeliève; Sous la direction du : Professeur Gabriel VyuzuraDans le souci d'appuyer le gouvernement dans l'action éducative des enfants au Burundi, différentes confessions religieuses dont l'église catholique a créé des écoles dans tout le pays. Celles-ci sont appréciées différemment par les gens, les uns disent que les élèves étudiant dans de telles écoles y mènent une vie aisée tandis que d'autres nient l'affirmation de ces derniers. C'est pour cette raison que nous avons eu l'idée d'explorer les opinions des élèves internes du cycle supérieur desdites écoles sur leurs conditions de vie psychosociale et pédagogique. Notre première hypothèse opérationnelle qui cherchait à vérifier si les élèves anciens plus que les nouveaux auraient des opinions négatives face à leurs conditions de vie pédagogique dans les lycées sous convention catholique à régime d'internat a été nuancée. La deuxième qui cherchait à vérifier si les' élèves catholiques plus que les non-catholiques apprécieraient positivement leurs conditions de vie psychosociale dans les lycées sous convention catholique à régime d'internat a été infirmée. Enfin, la dernière hypothèse opérationnelle qui cherchait à vérifier si les élèves des lycées sous convention catholique à caractère non mixte plus que ceux des lycées à caractère mixte apprécieraient négativement leurs conditions de vie psychosociale dans les dites écoles a été confirmée. Ainsi, notre hypothèse générale qui cherchait à vérifier si les élèves internes du cycle supérieur des lycées sous .convention catholique apprécieraient négativement leurs conditions de vie psychosociale et pédagogique a été nuancée du fait que certains élèves apprécient négativement ces conditions au moment où d'autres les apprécient positivement.Item Attitudes et représentation des élèves finalistes des humanités vis-à-vis d'une éventuelle éducation sexuelle formelle à l'école(UB, FPSE, 1985-09) Niganze, Modeste; Sous la direction du Professeur Ntunaguza GabrielItem De la nécessité de l'institution de l'assistance éducative comme mesure de protection de l'enfant mineur en droit Burundais(UB, Droit, 2007-03) Nyabenda, Ernest; Sous la direction de : Dr Gervais GatunangeItem Approche analytique des conditions de travail des agents de sécurité au sein des sociétés de gardiennage et de surveillance au Burundi(UB, FLSH, 2025-09) Ndacayisaba, Vénuste; Sous la direction de : Dr. Melchicedec NduwayezuThis study explores the working conditions of security guards in private security and surveillance companies in Burundi, focusing on the Mukaza commune as a case study. Despite their essential role in the security of property and people, security guards are subject to precarious working conditions that compromise their well-being and their social and professional recognition. The main objective is to analyze the impact of these conditions on the agents' professional satisfaction, particularly in terms of recognition and respect for their rights. The research is guided by three hypotheses: widespread professional dissatisfaction, an ambiguous perception of the usefulness of their profession, and a link between low unionization and the exploitation of agents. The adopted methodology is qualitative. Data collection relied on semi-structured interviews conducted with agents (unionized and non-unionized) and supervisors, supplemented by direct observation at the workplace. Information sources were diversified (written documents, electronics sources, and oral testimonies). The results of this survey highlight extremely precarious working conditions: excessively long hours, lack of adequate rest, job insecurity due to the absence of written contracts, lack of social coverage (Heath insurance), and insufficient work equipment. These factors, aggravated by a low rate of unionization, confirm a feeling of exploitation and lack of recognition. In conclusion, this study establishes the existence of a phenomenon of structural precarization of the security guard profession in Burundi. The main recommendations aim at the urgent improvement of the legal framework of the sector and the strengthening of social and union protection structures for these workers.Item Déterminants de non-complétude des visites prénatales en mairie de Bujumbura(UB, FLSH, 2025-06) Basaba, Albin; Sous la direction de : Dr Jean François Régis SindayiheburaPrenatal visits in Burundi remain a hot topic at both the national and provincial levels. The issue prompted us to conduct a bivariate and multivariate study to identify the determinants of incompleteness of prenatal visits among women in Bujumbura town hall, namely: desire for pregnancy, household standard of living, and parity. Our objective was to understand the influence of socioeconomic, sociocultural, sociodemographic, and geographic factors on the completeness of prenatal visits. The study was conducted in Bujumbura town hall using secondary data from the EDSB-III (2016-2017). The results found by the bivariate analysis showed that the desire for pregnancy, household standard of living, and parity are the factors that determine the incompleteness of prenatal visits among women in Bujumbura town hall. Similarly, through multivariate analysis, we found that the desire for pregnancy is the most determining variable for the incompleteness of prenatal visits in Bujumbura town hall. Women who do not want pregnancy run more than 1.72 times the risk of incomplete prenatal visits than women who want pregnancy. Taking these results into account will help reduce unwanted pregnancies, reduce the number of children per woman and increase the standard of living of households in order to increase the completeness of prenatal visits in Bujumbura town hall.Item Catastrophes socio-naturelles et résilience : Représentations et pratiques des habitants du bassin versant de la rivière Gasenyi face au risque d'inondation(UB, FLSH, 2025-10) Ngendakumana, Christ Marie Fortuné; Sous la direction de : Pr. Jean Marie NduwayoAlthough the neighborhoods within the Gasenyi river basin are identified as flood risk zone, in the absence of regulation by urban planning services, they continue to be occupied in an unplanned and anarchic manner, in a context of insufficient urban planning. Additionally, these neighborhoods face significant issues with the drainage of rainwater and wastewater, which increases their vulnerability to flooding. Despite recurrent floods and the ongoing risk of future flooding, people live there and continue to settle in the area. This research questions how the residents of these neighborhoods perceive the flood risk they face, as well as how they perceive their living environment and, to some extent, the motivations or reasons behind their settlement in this zone. It also explores how these perceptions influence residents' behaviors regarding space occupation and flood resilience. This study highlights that flood risk is often perceived by residents in a concrete and immediate way. Indeed, the concept of “risk zone”, frequently used in the literature and by experts, does not correspond to how the inhabitants of the Gasenyi River basin perceive the risk and their living environment. The increased flood risk is increasingly localized to specific places, which are linked to directly perceptible visual indicators such as ravines or the fact that the dwelling is situated close to the river. This way of conceiving the risk and the environment at risk profoundly influences behaviors related to space occupation and the decision to adopt or not protective measures. Personal experience with floods, whether experienced or not, the position of living upstream or downstream of the Gasenyi River, the cultural capital associated with socioeconomic status, or attachment to property are also factors that influence residents’ perceptions and their adoption of protective measures. This research also shows that beyond the natural hazard, It is a tangle of social, economic, and political factors that exacerbates vulnerability to floods and motivates the settlement of inhabitants in this risk zone.Item Tathmini ya Mbinu za Uundaji wa Istilahi za Uwanja wa Tiba: Uchunguzi Kifani wa Kamusi ya Tiba, Toleo la 2003(UB, FLSH, 2025-03) Burakuvye, Montfort; Sous la direction de: 1. Pr. Ferdinand Mberamihigo 2. Dr. Dieudonné ButoyiThis study aimed to assess the approaches to creating terminology in the field of medicine. The specific objectives were first to identify terms related to diseases. Second, it sought to define the terminology creation methods used to develop these terms, and third, to provide reasons for the use of the selected methods. This study was guided by the Content Analysis Theory (CAT) established by Krippendorff (2004) as well as the Scientific Terminology Theory (STT) presented by Kiingi (1989) and further developed by Kiingi Mwaro-Were (2000). The investigation revealed the main methods used, such as Borrowing, Loan Translation, Literal Translation, Equivalent Translation, Explanatory Translation, and Semantic Translation. Moreover, the study showed that no single method is sufficient on its own. The Scholars used various methods to achieve their goals. The reasons for using the proposed translation methods include the lack of equivalents in different dictionaries due to globalization and the emergence of new terminology frequently, to fill the gap of missing equivalents, and to avoid proposing terms that would distort the meaning of terminology from SL to TL. The Explanatory Translation, and Semantic Translation tmethod were used because medical language is difficult to understand. By providing more understanding through Explanatory Translation, and Semantic Translation of terms to the audience of the Medical Dictionary, the 2003 edition gains more clarity and comprehension of the meaning of the respective terms. There are other areas that have not been subjected to such research, such as the field of medicine, medical science, and surgery. Researchers can conduct comparative studies of the terminology creation methods used in the process of coining Medical Dictionary.Item Analyse du niveau de performance physique des joueuses du club de netball de la Mutuelle de la Fonction Publique à Bujumbura(UB, IEP, 2025-09) Bivuzimana, Méthode; Sous la direction de : Dr Japhet NdayisengaThis research focuses on analyzing the physical performance level of female netball players from the Mutuelle de la Fonction Publique (MFP) club at Bujumbura. The main objective was to determine whether the team’s dominance in national competitions results from genuine athletic superiority or rather from the relatively low performance level of their opponents. The study involved female players aged 35 years and above. To assess their physical qualities, standardized tests were used: the Cooper test for aerobic endurance, the 20-meter sprint for speed, the T-Test for agility, and the vertical jump test for lower limb power. The findings revealed that most players demonstrated an average performance level across the majority of the tests. In the Cooper test, 60% of the players scored average, 30% good, and 10% poor. In the 20-meter sprint, 40% were average, 30% good, and 30% poor. Regarding agility, 40% achieved good results, 30% average, and 30% poor. For the vertical jump, 60% scored average, 30% poor, and only 10% good. These results indicate that the physical performance of the MFP players is generally moderate and does not align with international standards for elite female athletes. The apparent superiority of the team in national competitions seems to be explained more by team cohesion, experience, and tactical organization, as well as by the relatively weak preparation of their opponents, rather than by a clear physical advantage. This study highlights the necessity of implementing well-structured physical preparation programs to improve endurance, speed, agility, and power among players. Such measures would help to strengthen the team’s performance in a sustainable manner and contribute to the development of women’s netball in Burundi.Item Analyse de l’enseignement de la Physique au 4ème cycle de l’enseignement fondamental : cas des ECOFO de la DPE Kirundo et Karusi(UB-ENS, IPA, 2025-11) Murengerantwari, Joël; Sous la direction de : Pr. Banuza AlexisThis thesis focuses on the teaching of physics in the 4th cycle of ECOFO. It aims to analyze the pedagogical methods used, the difficulties encountered by teachers, the errors found in textbooks, the qualifications of the teachers who teach this subject, as well as the conditions under which physics is taught. To achieve our objectives and to verify the hypotheses of this study, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 60 teachers of the 4th cycle in the DPEs of Kirundo and Karusi, in order to present the situation of the teaching–learning of physics at this level. In addition, an in-depth analysis of the textbooks (teacher’s guide and student’s book) for the physics component was carried out to identify possible errors. The results reveal a largely theoretical mode of instruction, limited by a lack of teaching materials, insufficient pedagogical training of teachers, curricula that are poorly adapted to students’ levels, and errors in the textbooks. Recommendations are proposed in this study to improve the quality of physics teaching and learning. Further studies could be conducted on the same topic by analyzing the current state of physics education in other basic schools or in boarding schools, with the aim of achieving high-quality physics instruction.Item La coopération internationale et son impact sur le développement économique du Burundi 1963-1976(UB, FLSH, 1986) Ntibinonoye, Léonidas; Sous la direction du Professeur Faustin RutembesaItem Catastrophes socio-naturelles et résilience : Représentations et pratiques des habitants du bassin versant de la rivière Gasenyi face au risque d'inondation(UB, FLSH, 2025-10) Ngendakumana, Christ Marie Fortuné; Sous la direction de : Pr. Jean Marie NduwayoAlthough the neighborhoods within the Gasenyi river basin are identified as flood risk zone, in the absence of regulation by urban planning services, they continue to be occupied in an unplanned and anarchic manner, in a context of insufficient urban planning. Additionally, these neighborhoods face significant issues with the drainage of rainwater and wastewater, which increases their vulnerability to flooding. Despite recurrent floods and the ongoing risk of future flooding, people live there and continue to settle in the area. This research questions how the residents of these neighborhoods perceive the flood risk they face, as well as how they perceive their living environment and, to some extent, the motivations or reasons behind their settlement in this zone. It also explores how these perceptions influence residents' behaviors regarding space occupation and flood resilience. This study highlights that flood risk is often perceived by residents in a concrete and immediate way. Indeed, the concept of “risk zone”, frequently used in the literature and by experts, does not correspond to how the inhabitants of the Gasenyi River basin perceive the risk and their living environment. The increased flood risk is increasingly localized to specific places, which are linked to directly perceptible visual indicators such as ravines or the fact that the dwelling is situated close to the river. This way of conceiving the risk and the environment at risk profoundly influences behaviors related to space occupation and the decision to adopt or not protective measures. Personal experience with floods, whether experienced or not, the position of living upstream or downstream of the Gasenyi River, the cultural capital associated with socioeconomic status, or attachment to property are also factors that influence residents’ perceptions and their adoption of protective measures. This research also shows that beyond the natural hazard, It is a tangle of social, economic, and political factors that exacerbates vulnerability to floods and motivates the settlement of inhabitants in this risk zone.Item Le ravalement des Banyamabanga au rang des simples Banyagihugu : l'exemple des banyange de Mpotsa(UB, FLSH, 1989-09) Ngendakuriyo, Gaudence; Sous la Direction de : Monsieur Joseph GahamaItem A Critical Analysis on Burundi Efforts Towards Perpetual Positive Peace(UB, FSPJ, 2022-09) Masabarakiza, Justin; Sous la direction de : Prof. Dr. Jean Marie BarambonaThis memoire presents the concepts of Human Rights and perpetual positive peace in Burundi. Human Rights violations in Burundi particularly include 1972, 1988, 1993 and 2015 where assassinations, oppression, cruelty and lack of freedom were experienced. It is suspected that the population minds are characterized by fear of violation. This situation fetters implementation of Human Rights Law efforts and retains the need of lasting positive peace. Through library research, interviews, questionnaire techniques and internet sources research methodology, the researcher has analyzed the Human Rights paradigm in Burundi. These are historical background and hypothetical perspectives in the country; description on the meaning and history of the main themes of the work; and Burundi reality through the findings. The roots of Burundian violation throughout history are unequal resource distribution, power sharing and legitimacy of power. As a means of solving the three roots of problems, citizens tend to base on their ethnic groups and political manipulations to access wealth and power which results into intensive violation of Human Rights. About 95.7% of the respondents argue that Burundians live with fear while 4.3% argue that Burundians live without fear of Human Rights infringement. The subsequent empirical statistics unfolds that, there is still a ray of hope to win against the existing fear and mistrust in Burundi to achieve the perpetual positive peace ideal. The researcher recommends that, for positive peace achievements in the Republic of Burundi, Burundians should keep in minds that all essences for implementation of Human Rights Law to attain perpetual positive peace in the State are found within themselves first.Item Impact de l’accumulation en certains métaux lourds (cuivre, zinc et plomb) dans les amarantes irriguées de la ville de Bujumbura(UB, EANSI, 2025-08) Niyomutoni, Astérie; Sous la direction de : Pr. Dr. Ir Niyukuri JonathanHeavy metals, such as mercury, chromium, cadmium, arsenic, and lead, are toxic elements that accumulate in the food chain, harming living organisms even at low concentrations. In the city of Bujumbura, the use of wastewater to irrigate amaranth plots leads to contamination, which can cause illness among consumers. The overall objective of this study is to assess heavy metal contamination in amaranth cultivated in Bujumbura, by analyzing the concentration levels of these contaminants. The study was conducted in four areas of Bujumbura City Hall such as Buterere, Buyenzi, Musaga where amaranth farmers use wastewater for irrigation, and a control site at the Mutanga campus using tap water. The heavy metals analyzed include Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cd. This study highlights the impact of irrigation water on crop contamination. Data collection began with the preparation of control fields in the MUTANGA campus greenhouse, followed by the collection of amaranth leaves in the four study areas, including the control site. Samples of 500 g of amaranth leaves were collected in triplicate. Mineral element analysis was performed using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry at ISABU, and data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 20 software. Physicochemical analysis shows that heavy metal levels vary depending on the growing site and the quality of the irrigation water used. The levels ranged from Mutanga to Cu=4.55 mg/kg, Pb=9.83 mg/kg, Zn=38.96 mg/kg, and Cd≤0.1 mg/kg, respectively, for Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cd in the control samples; 7.42mg/kg, Pb=11.66mg/kg, Zn=67.68mg/kg, Cd≤0.1mg/kg respectively for Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd for samples from Buyenzi; 5.60mg/kg, Pb=11.42mg/kg, Zn=80.91mg/kg respectively for Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd for samples from Buterere and Cd≤0.1mg/kg and Cu=6.75mg/kg, Pb=14.42mg/kg, Zn=61.00mg/kg and Cd≤0.1mg/kg respectively for Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd for samples from Musaga. These results highlight the impact of irrigation water on heavy metal contamination. The sampling sites exhibited higher levels of heavy metal contamination compared to the MUTANGA control site, due to the quality of the irrigation water.Item Connaissances et pratiques nutritionnelles chez les femmes enceintes dans le district sanitaire de Cankuzo au Burundi(UB, EANSI, 2025-06) Nsanzamahoro, Gordien; Sous la direction de : Dr Déo HarimenshiIntroduction: Pregnancy is the most critical and demanding period regarding nutrition in a woman's life. This is a vulnerable phase where the nutrition and lifestyle of the mother significantly influence the health of both the mother and the newborn. Nutritional knowledge is a key factor in ensuring positive outcomes during pregnancy and is crucial for adopting healthy eating habits and improving dietary quality. The aim of this study is to analyze the factors influencing this knowledge and these practices in the Cankuzo health district, Burundi. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 384 pregnant women from six health centers in the Cankuzo health district. Participant inclusion was limited to women who came for prenatal follow-up during the survey and agreed to participate in our study. A questionnaire adapted from a standard tool developped by WHO and FAO was used for data collection. Analysis was performed using STATA 15 software. Results: The results indicate that only 29% [(95% CI: 0.24-0.33)] of women in the Cankuzo health district have satisfactory nutritional knowledge, and only 13% [(95% CI: 0.10-0.17)] have satisfactory nutritional practices. In multivariate analysis, household size of 5 members or more (OR = 3.89; 95% CI: 1.22-12.40; p = 0.021), access to the market (OR = 2.97; 95% CI: 1.48-5.96; p = 0.002), non-agricultural income (OR = 17.52; 95% CI: 6.79-45.18; p = 0.001), and being a member of a cooperative (OR = 32.38; 95% CI: 13.7-79.61; p = 0.001) are factors associated with nutritional knowledge. Factors such as non-agricultural income (OR = 28.35; 95% CI: 10.01-80.3; p = 0.000), involvement in community structures (OR = 26.48; 95% CI: 9.07-77.31; p = 0.000), and access to health services (OR = 9.91; 95% CI: 2.55-38.51; p = 0.001) are associated with nutritional practices, as well as the woman's profession, with an (OR = 101.6; 95% CI: 2.23-4617.9; p = 0.01) for female farmers and (OR = 85.59; 95% CI: 2.14-3413.9; p = 0.01) for female traders. Conclusion: Our study, the first conducted on a large population of pregnant women in a rural setting, reports a low prevalence of nutritional knowledge and practices among pregnant women. These findings highlight the need for nutrition sensitization interventions among pregnant women to improve maternal and child health.Item Caractérisation morphologique et anatomique et performances en vermiculture des vers de terre épigés du Burundi(UB, FS, 2025-04) Bankabigero, Onesphore; Sous la direction de : Dr. Kazitsa Eric Gilbert (Directeur); Prof. Bararunyeretse Prudence (Co-directeur)The study of the biological compatibility of earthworms is essential for the development of vermicomposting. Species compatible with vermicomposting are epigeic, ubiquitous, small in size, and reproduce rapidly (2–3 times the initial population within 30–45 days) at temperatures ranging from 20 to 30 °C on various organic substrates. They must also induce physicochemical transformations that result in vermicompost meeting international standards within 2 to 3 months. To support the development of vermiculture and vermicomposting by identifying epigeic earthworms in Burundi that are biologically compatible with this technology, we aimed to: (i) Morphologically and anatomically characterize epigeic earthworm species that demonstrate suitable body mass, survival rates, and population growth within 4 to 6 weeks of laboratory culture on sugarcane and palm oil residues at 18–32 °C; (ii) Identify those capable of inducing physicochemical changes compatible with the vermicomposting process; (iii) Determine which species can produce physicochemically compliant vermicompost within 60 days using sugarcane residues, palm oil waste, cow manure, and rumen content. Adult epigeic earthworms were collected from eight natural regions of Burundi and analyzed morphologically and anatomically in the laboratory and, too morpho - species were identified, including Eudrilus eugeniae, found in 75% of the studied regions, and two others specific to Kumoso and Buyogoma. These earthworms induced physicochemical transformations in substrates (sugarcane and palm oil residues), altering parameters such as pH, salinity, electrical conductivity, and chloride levels, and producing vermicompost enriched with macronutrients, micronutrients, and heavy metals. The results of this study demonstrate that earthworms from various regions of Burundi are biologically suited for vermicomposting and can efficiently convert sugarcane and palm oil waste into high-quality vermicompost. These findings contribute to advancing vermicomposting technology and other vermi-based innovations in Burundi.Item Systèmes de financement des exploitations agricoles durables et leur implication sur l’autonomisation des ménages ruraux dans la région de KIRIMIRO(UB, EANSI, 2025-11) Nahayo, Innocent; Sous la direction de : Dr. Ir. Ngendakumana Serge (PhD)Many households have land to cultivate but their capacity for self-financing is insufficient. Moreover, the implementation of farmer support methods aims to increase agricultural production, which should promote household income growth and ensure the satisfaction of their nutritional needs. The implementation of methods to support farmers aims to increase agricultural production, which should promote the growth of household incomes and ensure the fulfillment of their nutritional needs. This thesis aims to study the impact of the financing system for sustainable agricultural farms on the empowerment of rural households, as well as the factors influencing member dropout within Mutual Support and Stimulation Groups (GSEMs) in the KIRIMIRO region. The primary data come from a survey conducted in June 2025 among 260 farming households from the communes of Gitega in Gitega province, and Ndava and NYABIHANGA in Mwaro province. The target population includes both households benefiting from the Association for Peasant Dignity (ADIP) financing and those without any access to funding. The descriptive analysis considered the characteristics of the agricultural farms, while the econometric analysis was performed using two models: linear and logit. The comparison of average incomes between the two groups was carried out using SPSS and STATA software. On one hand, variables such as the mastery of credit repayment methods and the flexibility of credit significantly reduce member dropout in GSEMs at the 1% level, whereas financial difficulties and the quality of services provided by GSEMs increase dropout at the 5% level. Among the six variables included in the multiple linear regression model, three are significant at the 1% level: access to financing, income-generating activities, and farm size; while the use of organic fertilizer, agroforestry practices, and livestock ownership are significant at the 5% level. The Fisher test confirms joint significance at the 1% level. On the other hand, the analysis of the effect of access to financing on household autonomy shows that the ability to immediately pay for healthcare, the ability to promptly pay children’s school fees, the creation of income-generating activities, and agricultural income are the main indicators of autonomy among financed households.Item Analyse des déterminants de l’inflation dans les pays de l’Afrique subsaharienne (1990-2023)(UB, FSEA, 2025-08) Ndayishimiye, Amos; Sous la Direction du : Pr. Arcade NdoricimpaThis study analyses the determinants of inflation for 48 sub-Saharan African countries. The indicators used come from the World Development Indicators (WDI) and the World Governance Indicators (WGI) of the World Bank. The study uses dynamic panel data with estimation by the method of generalized moments in first difference and in system. The estimation results show that the determinants of inflation in SSA are macroeconomic factors, i.e. growth in the money supply, the real interest rate, growth in gross domestic product, FDI and structural factors, i.e. changes in the official exchange rate, trade in goods, which captures imported inflation, and finally institutional factors, the main components of which are political stability, the absence of violence and terrorism, and the effectiveness of governance. The results of this study could inspire policy makers to combat inflation in Sub-Saharan Africa.Item Analyse des erreurs commises en Français par les apprenants de la deuxième année Langues de la DCE Matongo(UB, ENS, 2024-08) Nahayo, Adolphe; Sous l’encadrement de : Dr Pierre Claver KantabazeIn the Burundian education system, French occupies a prominent place because it is a language of instruction but also a language taught. However, learners encounter difficulties in learning it because they make many mistakes in their written production. The purpose of this work is to identify the different types of errors made in French by post-basic learners, identify the causes of these errors and propose remedial strategies to improve the teaching-learning of this very considerable language. They make lexical, grammatical, syntactic, linguistic, semantic, phonological errors, etc. The results from the survey and the analysis of learners' copies show that teachers in second-year Language classes are not very interested in written production for various reasons but also, learners do not have sufficient background to produce texts. In addition to this, French spelling is also complex. For all these reasons, the level of written production of learners is very low, they make many mistakes in their production. Given that academic success is conditioned by this language, this negatively influences this success and on success in French. We observe many failures in French and the minimal mark in the state exam.