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Le dépôt numérique grenier du savoir du Burundi est une collection de documents scientifiques produits par les chercheurs de l'Université du Burundi, y compris des mémoires, des thèses, des revues, des articles, des rapports techniques, etc. Il s'agit du dépôt institutionnel officiel de l'Université du Burundi
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Les opérations financières au sein de la comptabilité nationale
(UB, FSEA, 1988-02) Nduwumwami, Salvator; Sous la direction du : Mr Marcellin G. Dayer
The influence of socio -cultural factors in english teaching and learning : case of second form arts in selected secondary schools of Ngozi province
(UB, FLSH, 2017-01) Hasabukuri, Jean Bosco; Supervisor : Pr Herménégilde Rwantabagu
In Burundi, a large number of pupils can learn the English language only through the formai educational environment. This can be explained by the fact that Burundi is not an English speaking country and there is no opportunity to pick up the English language in everyday social life. AIso, the socio-cultural environment of Burundians shapes the way we communicate in the English
language as the cultural beliefs, the thoughts and attitudes together with the way of life determines someone's proficiency in any given non native language.
Therefore, this fact lacks no consequences on the English language teaching/ learning process since the quality of a teacherl learner can be influenced by hislher social and cultural settings. In this study, a number of factors are raised and reviewed on the influence of the society and culture in the process of
English language teaching and learning through two hypotheses, that is 1°) Socio-cultural factors influence the teaching Ilearning process of the English language, 2°) Learners from different socio-cultural backgrounds differ in language learning proficiency. With these hypotheses, the researcher discussed sorne of the factors that may influence the teaching Ilearning of the English
language. The collection of data was done with two questionnaires as research instruments, administered one to teachers and another to leamers of seven sampled schools of Ngozi Province and a total number of 160 pupils and 7 teachers were selected. The analysis of the data collected with the questionnaires was done question by question with frequencies and percentages. After the analysis, it was conc1uded that learners and teachers from different social and cultural milieu do not have the same facility and advantages in the English language learning/teaching. Consequently, the ways of enhancing their proficiency in English language differs in many ways, the more disadvantaged leamers/teachers being those whose environmental setting is the countryside and the day rural school learners since the latter do not have good linguistic environment and adequate instructional materials comparing to urban or boarding school ones. At the end of this study, a general conclusion and sorne recommendations were formulated by the researcher.
La femme Burundaise face à la pauvreté et la précarité dans les petits métiers :une étude socio-anthropoloque de la résilience des femmes vendeuses de la rue dans la ville de Bujumbura
(UB, FLSH, 2020-10) Arakaza, Papias; Sous la diretion du Pr Nsengiyumva Athanase
The subject explored throughout this study relates to the profession of female street vendors in city of Bujumbura. Unlike other so called informaI activities that are practiced in the city of
Bujumbura, fel11ale street vendors are not favored to do their activity. They are chased by security guards or police. Indeed, this activity of selling fruits or vegetables is not actually so recent, rather, the novelty seems to be in the way of doing: doing this type of business in the street. In this study, we have attempted to describe the socio-economic background of these female street vendors, how they adapt to be successful in this activity, analyze the strategies they adopt to circumvent the challenges they are exposed to and understand how a female street vendor is considering the future in her profession.
To carry out this work, the methodological approach used falls within the framework of socio-anthropology. For this reason, the methods and technics used are essentially ethnographic. The operational assumptions for this study circumscribe the socio-economic context of these female street vendors. These assumptions state that female street vendors face situations of "poverty and precariousness" and accept this situation in different ways. Their adaptability strategies and their motivations to get involved in this activity are different from one WOl11an to another.
The results of this work first showed that these female street vendors invest in this acti vity for the survival of the family. They see themselves as actresses capable of implementing personal strategies to succeed in spite of themselves. In this way, the motivations of one or the other female street vendors in this trade rel11ain as a way of understanding what she is going through. The most promising motivations for all female street vendors call for resourcefulness and surviva1.
Second results of this study confirm that these female street vendors face cases of stigma and degrading judgments. This figure of stigmatization refers to social considerations incorporated into these female street vendors, in particular: suspicion of prostitution and police harassment. But the fcmale street vendors we met move away l'rom these considerations to the detrimcnt of their lived experience. They are like another figure: that of women who deserve special attention, women who work with courage and determination to live and support their familics.
De l’effectivité de la responsabilité de protéger les populations : une norme controversée diversement appliquée en Afrique des grands lacs
(UB, Ecole doctorale, 2024-10) Mbirigi, Ferdinand; Sous la direction de : Prof. Rafâa Ben Achour; Prof. Pascal Niyonizigiye
Despite the United Nations consecration of the “responsibility to protect populations from genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity”, hereafter designed R2P, followed by the setting up of relevant instruments and mechanisms for eradicating these crimes in the member states of the International Conference on the Great Lakes Region, some of the said states have been and remain the scene of mass atrocities. Meanwhile, discussions on the R2P legal scope have fueled controversies among diplomats and scholars. After analyzing several documentary resources including legal instruments, judicial decisions, official documents, and scholarly works, we hold that R2P is in fine a kind of container gathering several well-established conventional and customary norms. We also hold that implementing this relatively autonomous norm in the Great Lakes Region of Africa, like in other parts of the world, depends on its debtors' political will, interests and power balance.
Impact of integrating an intelligent solar tracker associated with a battery management system to optimize photovoltaic efficiency in Burundi
(UB, Ecole doctorale, 2026-03) Icoyitungiye, Olivier
This work is part of efforts to optimize photovoltaic systems in Burundi, a country located in the equatorial zone and characterized by highly variable solar radiation due to cloud cover, humidity, and the inability to fully charge batteries during periods of low radiation on rainy period. Most photovoltaic installations are fixed, which leads to significant energy losses since the sun's rays are rarely perpendicular to the surface of the solar panel throughout the day. This work aims to develop an intelligent solar tracker capable of automatically orienting solar panels according to the position of the sun and irradiation conditions, while integrating an intelligent battery charge and discharge management system to optimize the use of the energy produced. The device is based on an active orientation approach using two photo resistor light sensors arranged in a cross configuration, generating control signals for a servomotor that provides azimuth movement. At the same time, the date and time read by a DS3231 Real Time Clock module are used to control a second servomotor for East-West orientation, ensuring greater accuracy even in variable irradiation conditions. The control and command element is an Arduino UNO microcontroller. The first step in the work is to analyze the optimal tilt of fixed solar panels in Burundi based on meteorological data from PVGIS 5.2 for the year 2020. Using linear regression modeling via the R method in SPSS, the optimal tilt angle for fixed solar panels varies between 13° and 15.8°, offering an energy gain of around 20% compared to the uniform 30° tilt commonly used on house roofs. The work combines a hybrid MPPT algorithm combining Perturb & Observer (P&O) and fuzzy logic controller. Next, a battery charge and discharge management mechanism algorithm was implemented on an Arduino UNO microcontroller, which also controls the internal temperature measured by a DHT11 sensor. The work Includes modeling, mechanical design, and complete programming of the system using MATLAB 2020a, Proteus 8.13, Arduino IDE1.8.13, and SolidWorks 2023 software. The simulations carried out confirmed the consistency and reliability of the experimental results. The performance obtained shows significant energy gains of 29% to 41% Increase in production for the single-axis solar tracker and 42% to 50% for the dual-axis tracker, compared to a fixed solar panel. We observed a 67% energy gain in servomotor consumption. The device developed represents a major technological advance for autonomous, robust, and high-performance solar installations.