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Le dépôt numérique grenier du savoir du Burundi est une collection de documents scientifiques produits par les chercheurs de l'Université du Burundi, y compris des mémoires, des thèses, des revues, des articles, des rapports techniques, etc. Il s'agit du dépôt institutionnel officiel de l'Université du Burundi
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Evaluation de l’activité antimicrobienne et antioxydante des huiles essentielles d’Eucalyptus Maidenii F. Muell., de Cymbopogon Citratus (DC.) STAPF, de Rosmarinus Officinalis L., de Bidens Pilosa L., d’Ageratum Conyzoides L. et de Moringa Oleifera Lam du Burundi et leurs applications dans la conservation de la viande hachée
(UB, EANSI, 2025-12) Ndikuriyo, Thierry; Sous la direction de : Dr. Ir. Nahimana, Paterne; Nzoyisubiziki Japhet, MSc
Minced meat is a highly perishable product, prone to microbial and oxidative spoilage. However, conventional preservation methods rely on chemical additives, which are often criticized for their potentially harmful effects on health and the environment. This work aims to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of essential oils extracted from Eucalyptus maidenii F. Muell, Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf (lemongrass), Rosmarinus officinalis L. (rosemary), Bidens pilosa L., Ageratum conyzoides L., and Moringa oleifera Lam, as well as to study their effectiveness in preserving minced meat. The antioxidant activity was measured using the free radical scavenging method with DPPH, at concentrations of 5%, 10%, 25%, and 50%, with ascorbic acid as the reference standard.
The antimicrobial activity, on the other hand, was evaluated by applying the essential oils to microbial suspensions extracted from contaminated ground meat, at concentrations of 250, 500, and 1000 μg/mL, which were applied to the targeted microorganisms including total mesophilic aerobic flora (TMAF), Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus.
All the essential oils showed varying antioxidant power, with Cymbopogon citratus displaying the highest inhibition percentage (up to 47.84 ± 0.11000% at a concentration of 5%), while the essential oils of Eucalyptus maidenii and Rosmarinus officinalis showed lower antioxidant activity at this concentration (respectively: 15.8633 ± 0.00577 and 21.8267 ± 0.00577%). In terms of antimicrobial activity, the effects were monitored by microbial counts after 24, 48, and 96 hours. Lemongrass proved to be the most effective, completely inhibiting the microbial growth of all targeted microorganisms starting from a low concentration (250 μg/mL). In contrast, E. maidenii and R. officinalis showed partial inhibition of microbial growth at 250 μg/mL and 500 μg/mL, respectively, also observed for R. officinalis at 1000 μg/mL.
These results highlight that certain local essential oils have genuine potential to improve food preservation by reducing microbial load and limiting oxidation, thereby opening promising prospects for the development of natural alternatives of food security.
Les facteurs motivationnels de la fréquentation des boites de sauna au Burundi
(Podium of Sport Sciences, 2015-01) Gaturagi, Charles; Nyandwi, Joseph; Bizimana, Jean Berchmans; Et. al.
Objective: To determine the various motivational factors of the practice of the sauna, and to identify the sources of information relating to the effects of this practice held by the practitioners.
Methodology: This prospective study with analytical and prospective aims, carried out in the city of Bujumbura, targeted anyone who came for a session during the period of visit and data collection from the different boxes. The k-Nearest Neighbors method and data analysis using R version 3.5.0 statistical software were used.
Results: Men aged 38.36 ± 11.78 years were more numerous in our study, and had a weight of 79.18 ± 12.91 kg. The information on the effects of the sauna was provided mainly by third parties. Intermittent sessions of 30
minutes were practiced approximately 3 times a week. Stress and flu were the main reasons for sauna practice to improve their well-being.
Conclusion: Stress and the flu were the main motivational factors mentioned by sauna users. The other reason given by the overweight subjects and alcohol consumers was the confusion of the practice of the sauna with the practice of physical activity.
Diabète et complications infectieuses : étude réalisée au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Kamenge à propos de 36 cas
(Médecine d’Afrique Noire, 2021-09) Gaturagi, Charles; Habonimana, Aimable; Iradukunda, A.
Diabetes and infectious complications: A study of 36 cases at the Kamenge University Teaching Hospital
Introduction: Diabetes is associated with a high risk of infections, mainly bacterial. This is believed to be linked to the detrimental effect of hyperglycemia on cellular immunity. These infections are grafted with a heavy morbidity and mortality in this population. The aim of this study is to determine the clinical profile of the diabetic population studied, and to specify the epidemiological, clinical and evolutionary characteristics of the diagnosed infections.
Patients and methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study on 36 diabetic patients (24 men and 12 women) admitted to the internal medicine and surgery departments of the Kamenge UTH for infectious complications, carried out on the period from April 1st to June 30th, 2020.
Results: The mean age of our patients was 53.5 ± 14.7 years. Fourteen patients had type 1 diabetes and twenty-two had type 2 diabetes. The mean duration of diabetes was 10.5 years. Eight patients had inaugural diabetes discovered during the infectious complication. The mean HbA1C was 8.47 ±0.82% with extremes of 7 and 10%. The diagnosed infections were, in order of decreasing rate of cases, pulmonary in 33.3%, skin in 30.6%, urinary in 27.8%, digestive in 13.9% and 13.9% of cases of malaria. The outcome was good under antibiotic and/or anti-malaria treatment, combined with anti- diabetic treatment for high blood sugar. Nevertheless, an amputation was performed in one patient
and a case of death was recorded.
Conclusion: Unbalanced diabetes, the case of all our patients, promotes the development of infections, and intercurrent infections can decompensate diabetes. A prevention based on strengthening the education of the diabetic patient as well as early and appropriate management of the infected patient by a multidisciplinary team must be essential.
La sécurité alimentaire et implication des communautés locales dans la gestion intégrée des ressources naturelles collectives : Cas de la commune Rutegama
(UB, FABI, 2010-01) Niyomuvunyi, Angelos; Sous la direction de : Dr.Ir. Nusura Hassan
Projet d'adduction d'eau potable en milieu rural : cas du réseau Nyakabingo- Mitakataka II en commune Bubanza Province Bubanza
(UB,ITS, 2017-03) Ndereyimana, Jules Stève; Njeneza, Consolée; Sous la direction de : Ir. Nduwimana Donatien
L'objectifde notre projet est de satisfaire la population en eau potable et généralement assurer la survie de tout être vivant sur les collines de la commune BUBANZA qui sont les suivantes: NYARUNAZI, KUNYANGE et MITAKATAKA .Ces collines sont alimentées à partir de la source NYAKABINGO de débit égal à l,5Us.
Notre travail est subdivisé en 6 chapitres :
- le premier chapitre qui est l'introduction générale, parle des généralités sur l'eau, la qualité de l'eau potable, les sources d'approvisionnement ainsi que les critères souhaitables que doit remplir l'eau potable d'après l'OMS et décrit la zone du projet.
- le second chapitre montre l'effectif de la population actuelle et future à desservir ainsi que la détermination des besoins en eau correspondant.
- le troisième chapitre parle du système de captage d'une source.
- Le quatrième chapitre quant à Lui parle du dimensionnement des ouvrages du réseau : le volume et les dimensions des réservoirs, les ouvrages d'art ainsi que les calculs hydrauliques.
- le cinquième chapitre concerne La quantification des travaux, l'évaluation du coût du projet ainsi que la planification des travaux.
- le si~ième qui est le dernier parle des conclusions et des recommandations.
Le présent projet est le renforcement d'un projet qui a déjà été exécuté, on a un grand espoir que ce travail pourra être consulté lors de la réalisation dudit projet
Après l'exécution des travaux, nous recommandons aux autorités administratives d'assurer la protection, l'entretien des ouvrages du réseau et d'appliquer en général des sanctions envers les gens qui ne respecteront pas les prescriptions pour le bon fonctionnement du réseau.
Nous laissons notre projet de fin d'études à la portée de tout chercheur qui désire contribuer ou s'en servir pour d'autres projets similaires.