Contribution à la gestion intégrée du réseau d’irrigation du périmètreagricole dominépar la rivière Mpandaen République du Burundi

Abstract

The management of irrigation water is a hot topic all over the world due to increasing water demand as well as climate change. Food insecurity in many countries in general and in Burundi in particular is pushing states to seek methods that can increase agricultural productivity. One of the essential solutions is the use of irrigation. The agricultural perimeter dominated by the Mpanda river in the commune of Mpanda province Bubanza in the Republic of Burundi suffers from a problem of lack of water for irrigation which causes it to have social conflicts which even cause deaths. The main cause is the increase in water users, increase in surface area cultivable and the growing practice of rice cultivation. Optimizing the calculation of irrigation water requirements by comparing the different methods has shown that the classical method overestimates the requirements and the water losses are enormous. The agricultural perimeter is mainly rice-growing, which makes the flood irrigation method inevitable. After calculation, it was recommended to provide a reservoir dam of 10,000,000m³ to accumulate abundant water during the rainy season in order to use it in periods of water deficit and especially during the dry season and while cultivating all year round. By reducing rice cultivation in the area, the practice of polyculture will reduce irrigation water requirements by applying the sprinkler or spot irrigation method.