Stratégies de gestion des zones à haut risque d'inondation : cas du delta de la Rusizi et la partie nord-est (entre la Riviere Muha et la Riviere Ntahangwa) du Lac Tanganyika

Abstract

This work of memory is entitled˸« Management of high˗risk areas of flood ˸ case of Delta of Rusizi and North˗Eastern part of lake Tanganyika. It is the part lies at Gatumba, Rukaramu and the part of North˗Eastern of lake Tanganyika. The part of Gatumba is bounded to the West by the small white section of the Rusizi river and to the East by the Buringa hill. To the South, it borders with lake Tanganyika. The North˗Eastern part of lake Tanganyika is bounded to the North by Rukaramu, to the West by lake Tanganyika and to the South by the Muha river. The choise to the work on this area is inspired by regular annual floods that are observed there and which cause damage. Morphorigic arrangements torrential nature of water courses accelerated by climate change, strong demographic growth, etc participate in the flood process in the city of Buumbura in general and in our study area in particular. These floods are becoming widespred in the west of Burundi due to unplanned urbun growth, the exploitation building materials, the construction of poorlysized gutters or kack of gutters as well as poor management of waste which block the gutters. When floods occur, infrustrure such as houses, roads, bridges, schools but also fields are ravaged by overflowing water.This present study aims to contribute to the management of different impact caused by these floods, to the determination of the elements which are factors of the vulnerability of this flood zone, by proposing solutions which can help to control , mitigate and adapt to the possible effects of this disaster. Generally speaking, catastrophic natural phenomena such as floods, landslides, droughts, etc are linked to climate change and anthroropogigenic activities. It would therefore be important to put in place adequate and effective mechanisms for good management of flooddisastterss and good practice of prevention and protection measurers.