Facteurs associés au statut nutritionnel des enfants atteints de cardiopathie congénitale avant une intervention chirurgicale correctrice : cas du Burundi
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Date
2024-11
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
UB, EANSI
Abstract
Introduction
Malnutrition in children with congenital heart disease has become a significant concern before and after cardiac surgery. To date, the national prevalence of malnutrition in children with congenital heart disease in Burundi is not known. The objective of our study is to analyze the factors associated with malnutrition in children aged 0 to 14 years with congenital heart disease.
Methodology
A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 106 children with congenital heart disease aged ≤ 14 years who were systematically selected through the database of active applicants for facilitation by the Good Samaritan to undergo surgery abroad and we met them at home to collect data using a pre-established questionnaire. After obtaining informed consent signed by the child's parent or guardian, we collected the data. The anthropometric measurements were analyzed by WHO AnthroPlus to determine the nutritional status of children with congenital heart disease. The Stata15 software allowed us to perform univariate analysis for the description of the sample and bivariate and multivariate analysis to determine the factors associated with malnutrition in children aged 0 to 14 years with congenital heart disease before corrective surgery. Variables with a p-value < 5% were considered significantly associated with malnutrition.
Results
The results of this study showed that 72.64 % of children aged 0 to 14 years with congenital heart disease had malnutrition of all forms, from mild undernutrition to stunted growth. 5 factors are significantly associated with malnutrition in children aged 0-14 years with congenital heart disease including breastfeeding rhythm on demand (OR=22.55, 95 % CI=[3.95-128.87]); inadequate dietary diversity score (OR=0.04, 95 % CI=[0.008-0.26]), low birth weight (OR=13.69, 95 % CI=[3.26-57.46]), anemia (OR=8.44, 95 % CI=[1.85-38.61]) and congenital heart disease associated with PH and cyanosis (OR=8.25, 95 % CI=[1.73-39.29]).
Conclusion
Malnutrition is a serious problem in children with congenital heart disease. Strict and regular monitoring of the child's growth associated with a healthy, balanced and adapted diet with respect for individualized nutritional practices would lead to a reduction in malnutrition in children in general and those with congenital heart disease in particular.
Description
Mémoire présenté et défendu publiquement en vue de l’obtention du Diplôme de Master en Nutrition et Santé Option : Nutrition Clinique