Browsing by Author "Sous la direction de : Prof. Christine Deslaurier"

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    Evolution de la culture du riz à Bubanza : de la fin de l’époque coloniale au début de la deuxième république (1955-1975)
    (UB, FLSH, 2025-06) Mbanzabugabo, Boris Landry; Sous la direction de : Prof. Christine Deslaurier
    This dissertation is part of rural history in Burundi, a country that experienced German occupation followed by Belgian colonization at the end of the First World War. Prior to this, the economy was essentially based on agriculture, and bartering – the exchange of goods without the intermediary of money – predominated. But contact with Western civilization eventually led to the introduction of new crops to combat famine and enable the monetarization of rural areas. It is with this backdrop that we examine the history of rice-growing in the province of Bubanza, in north-western Burundi, and its evolution from the end of the Belgian colonial era to the beginning of the Second Republic. Colonial Burundi was plagued by countless famines, so the colonial administration, driven by a desire to integrate colonized territories into a market economy, sought to modernize agriculture by introducing seasonal and export crops such as coffee, tea, cotton and rice. Although the cultivation of rice began in Burundi in the second half of the 19th century around Nyanza-lac and Rumonge, on the border with Lake Tanganyika, thanks to the contribution of Arab- Muslim contacts, it was in fact under Belgian tutelage that it was popularized in other parts of the country, particularly in Bubanza. As part of the development of the Imbo plain planned in the early 1950s by the ambitious “Ten-Year Plan for the Economic and Social Development of Ruanda- Urundi” (« Plan décennal pour le développement économique et social du Ruanda-Urundi »), the tutelary administration was significantly involved in rice cultivation, notably through “paysannats”, or the study of rice varieties to be cultivated within Inéac. The post-independence Burundian State continued these efforts by creating other research centers (Isabu) and launching projects within the framework of the Imbo Regional Development Company (SRDI) in the 1970s. These efforts to enhance rice growing, improve techniques, undertake soil studies and select the most productive varieties will be analyzed.