Browsing by Author "Sous la direction de : Dr. Ir. Paterne Nahimana, PhD"

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    Relation entre la malnutrition chronique et le paludisme chez les enfants de 12 à 59 mois dans le district sanitaire Mpanda, au Burundi
    (UB, EANSI, 2025-07) Bunyange, Camélie; Sous la direction de : Dr. Ir. Paterne Nahimana, PhD
    Introduction: Mpanda health district is a highly malaria-endemic area, with a high prevalence of chronic malnutrition estimated at 60.2%. Although some studies have suggested an interaction between stunting and malaria occurrence, results remain conflicting. This study aims to analyze the relationship between these two pathologies in children aged 12 to 59 months in this district. Methodology: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 368 mother-child pairs, selected by random sampling. A structured questionnaire was administered, supplemented by anthropometric measurements and a thick blood smear examination in the children. ENA software was used to assess height-for-age (H/A) ratio, while statistical analysis was performed with Stata 15.1, assuming a significance level of 5%. Two logistic regression models were constructed, one for chronic malnutrition and the other for malaria. The validity of the models was tested using ROC curves. Results: The prevalence of chronic malnutrition was 49.7%, and the incidence of malaria was estimated at 4 per 100 people/week. The main factors associated with an increased risk of malaria where chronic malnutrition (aOR = 20.3; 95% CI: 2.19-188.9), a history of moderate acute malnutrition (aOR = 12.6; 95% CI: 2.27-70.39), and maternal age ≥ 35 years (aOR = 11.2; 95% CI: 1.49-84.4). Concerning chronic malnutrition, the identified risk factors were malaria parasitemia (aOR = 5.58; 95% CI: 1.36-22.87), the child's age between 12 and 23 months (aOR = 3.50; 95% CI: 1.49-8.17), male sex (aOR = 2.23; 95% CI: 1.30-3.80), and the consumption of only one meal per day (aOR = 6.07; 95% CI: 2.26-16.28). Several factors were associated with a reduction in the risk of chronic malnutrition such as a diversified diet [ORa = 0.40; 95% CI: 0.22-0.77], maternal age ≥ 35 years [aOR=0.38; 95% CI: 0.19-0.76], maternal secondary education [aOR=0.37, 95% CI: 0.17-0.84], ownership of large livestock [aOR=0.44, 95% CI: 0.21-0.91] and access to a drinking water source [aOR=0.08, 95% CI: 0.02-0.26]. Conclusion: Chronic malnutrition and malaria make a vicious circle in which they reinforce each other and some nutritionals, sociodemographic and environmental factors are associated to their prevalence among children aged 12-59 months in Mpanda health district