Browsing by Author "Sous la direction de : Directeur : Pr. Aloys Ndayisenga"

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    Croissance démographique et prolifération de l’économie informelle dans les villes des pays en développement : cas de la zone Kamenge en mairie de Bujumbura
    (UB, FLSH, 2024-08) Nzeyimana, Abdoul; Sous la direction de : Directeur : Pr. Aloys Ndayisenga; Co-directeur : Msc Pierre Itangishaka
    Following independence, developing countries experienced unpredicted urban expansion. With high rate population growth, rural exodus was observed at an accelerated pace. Due to the inability of the industrial sector to hire all the newcomers seeking employment, most of these migrants found themselves in another form of economy the one that experts called "informal economy." The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between population growth and the proliferation of the informal economy, as well as its consequences. For this purpose, we used the qualitative method, using an interview guide that helped to conduct among 50 actors in the informal economy. The results show that accelerated population growth and insufficient formal employment in the urban area of Kamenge are at the basis of the proliferation of the informal economy. This lack of formal jobs is expressed either through the seeking for additional income or new income, or through the creation of new source of income, never available before. This new source of income creation makes a kind of resourcefulness that has multiple consequences from a socioeconomic point of view such as the mediocrity of the quality of their work, health risks as well as the absence of the insurance system in the informal settlement. Therefore, controlling population growth and supporting informal actors can have positive effects on the quality of life of the population.
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    Impacts socio-économiques des conflits fonciers sur le développement rural : Cas de la Commune Mukike
    (UB, FLSH, 2025-06) Nimubona, Nestor; Sous la direction de : Directeur : Pr. Aloys Ndayisenga; Co-directeur : Doctorant Pierre Itangishaka
    The survey results highlight a population characterized by inequalities in education, marital status, and family structure, which have a direct impact on land practices and socioeconomic dynamics. Regarding family planning, 79.11% of respondents support it, compared to 20.89% who reject it, reflecting a relative openness to modern population management practices. Land acquisition is dominated by inheritance (70.58%), highlighting the importance of traditions in land transfer, while purchase (29.43%) illustrates a gradual commoditization of land. These dynamics, coupled with recurring land conflicts, impact rural development. Land conflicts in Mukike commune are mainly caused by delayed land sharing (50.98%), cases of double sales (17.64%), and exceeding land boundaries (31.37%). On the socioeconomic level, these land conflicts result in killings (1.9%), injuries (52.94), imprisonment (56.86%), payment of legal fees (66.66%), and sale of property (41.17%). On the environmental level, these land conflicts contribute to deforestation (74%) and bushfires (26%). To address this, NGOs such as Cordaid Burundi have distributed equipment to the Bahuza council and have already raised awareness among the population about land issues.
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    L’utilisation de l'insémination artificielle pour améliorer la productivité porcine dans les centres naisseurs porcins de Giheta, de Bihoro et du grand séminaire de Bujumbura
    (UB, FLSH, 2024-08) Nzeyimana, Abdoul; Sous la direction de : Directeur : Pr. Aloys Ndayisenga; Co-directeur : Msc Pierre Itangishaka
    A study on the use of artificial insemination in 3 farrowing centers was carried out to compare the results of artificial insemination with those of natural mating. Twelve sows were selected and inseminated in each of the farrowing centers involved in the artificial insemination trial. The boars used for semen collection and natural mating were from the same centers. The results show that the insemination success rate was 83.33% at the Grand Séminaire de Bujumbura breeding center, 91.67% at the Giheta breeding center and 75.00% at the Bihoro breeding center. The success rate for artificial insemination was 86.25% at the Grand Séminaire de Bujumbura and 83.3% at Giheta and Bihoro. Average prolificacy for artificial insemination was 8.90±2.33 at the Grand Séminaire de Bujumbura breeding center, 9.10±2.66 at Giheta and 8.56±2.46 at the Bihoro breeding center. For natural breeding, average prolificity was 9.07±2.62 at the Grand Séminaire de Bujumbura breeding center, 8.64±2.42 at Giheta and 7.78±2.57 at the Bihoro breeding center.